On the liphistiomorph trichobothria and the significance of their structure for tracking the bothria evolution in the order Araneae

Authors

  • Kirill Y. Eskov Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123 Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117647, Russia. E-mail: afranius999@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7953-0746
  • Sergei L. Zonstein The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, 12 Klausner Str., Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel. E-mail: serzon56@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-0630
  • Yuri M. Marusik Institute for Biological Problems of the North, 18 Portovaya Str., Magadan, 685000, Russia; Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Altai State University, 61 Lenina Pr., Barnaul, RF-656049, Russia. E-mail: yurmar@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-5148

Keywords:

Aranei, Mesothelae, bothrial evolution, bothrial morphology, femoral trichobothria, trichia, morphology

Abstract

Femoral trichobothria in liphistiomorph spiders are re-discovered and described for the first time. Present in both Liphistiidae and Heptathelidae, they turned out to be another synapomorphy of this suborder. The trichobothria of Liphistiomorphae, situated dorsally on the distal leg/palp joints (as usual in spiders), and ventrally on femora, possess sharply dissimilar bothria; two types of trichobothrial bases in the same species are a unique case among Arachnida. The morphology of the bothria in the liphistiomorphs has been compared with those in the mygalomorphs and araneomorphs, as well as those in the tetrapulmonate and non-tetrapulmonate arachnid orders. The evolution of the bothrial types in all three main lineages of the Araneae seems to have been parallel.

Eskov, K.Y., Zonstein, S.L. & Marusik, Y.M. 2024. On the liphistiomorph trichobothria and the significance of their structure for tracking the bothria evolution in the order Araneae. Israel Journal of Entomology 53: 93–112. 
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12790018
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:21CADACD-586B-4C94-BDF2-D13425324C57

Liphistius birmanicus Thorell, 1897; after Xu et al. 2021. ZooKeys 1031: 41–58. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1031.59102

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Published

2024-07-22

Issue

Vol. 53 (2024)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2024 Kirill Eskov, Sergei Zonstein, Yuri M. Marusik

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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