Stingless bee Meliponula Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) ground nest architecture and traditional knowledge on the use of honey in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia
Keywords:
Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini, bees, stingless bees, meliponiculture, Afrotropical, Ethiopia, ethnomedicine, honey, indigenous knowledgeAbstract
Stingless bees constitute an important component of tropical ecosystems. The present study reports on the ground nest architecture of the Meliponula stingless bees, impact of agricultural activities on the stingless bee population and traditional use of stingless bee honey in three districts—Wegera, Libo Kemkem and Alepha—of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The ground nests were located with the help of indigenous knowledge. The parameters of the Meliponula ground nests were measured and compared with published data. The impact of agricultural activities and the use of stingless bee honey (locally known as tazima or tazma mar) in ethnomedicine were documented through interviewing local communities and briefly discussed. It has been noted that stingless bee honey is used locally as a treatment for both infectious and non-infectious conditions and as an effective pain-relief measure. However, the stingless bee populations in the Amhara Region are endangered by traditional agricultural practices and habitat destruction. It has been suggested that development of appropriate meliponiculture technology is most essential to conserve the stingless bee diversity in Ethiopia and to effectively utilize their honey for human benefit.
አብስትራክት
ንቦች ለሞቃታማ ሥነ ምህዳሮች ሙሉነት አስፈላጊ አካል ናቸው፡፡ የዚሀ ጥናት ዓላማ የሚያተኩርው የግብርና ሥራዎች እና በባህላዊ መንገድ የጣዝማ ማር አሰባስብ ዘዴ የሚያሳድረው ተጽዕኖ የመሬት ቅርፊት ሥነ-ሕንፃ ሰርተው በሚኖሩ ንቦች ላይ በተለይም በኢትዮጵያ፤ በአማራ ክልል በሚገኙ ሦስት ወረዳዎች ፦ ወገራ ፣ ሊቦ ከምከም እና አለፋ ናቸው:: በመሬት ውስጥ ጎጆ ሰርተው የሚገኙ ንቦችን በአገሬው ተወላጅ እውቀት በመታገዝ መራቢያቸውን ጎጆ በቀላሉ ማግኘት ተችሏል፡፡ ከጥናቱ የተገኘውን የንቦች የመሬት ቅርፊት ሥነ-ሕንፃ ይዘትና ባህሪያት በተለያዩ መለኪያዎች ተለክተው ከታተመው መረጃ ጋር ተነጻጽረዋል:: የግብርና እንቅስቃሴዎች እና በባህላዊ መንገድ የጣዝማ ንብ ማር አሰባስብ የሚያደርሰው ተፅእኖ ከአካባቢያዊ ማህበረሰቦች ጋር ቃለ-መጠይቅ ተደርጎ በአጭሩ ያመጣውን ችግር አስረድተዋል፡፡ የጣዝማ ንብ ማር በባህላዊ መድሐኒት አዋቂ ሰዎች ተላላፊ የሆኑና ያልሆኑ በሽታዎችን ለማከም እንዲሁም ውጤታማ የህመም ማስታገሻ ዘዴ ሆኖ እንደሚያገለግል ተገልጻል፡፡ ሆኖም በአማራ ክልል ውስጥ ባህላዊ የግብርና ሥራዎች እና የተፈጥሮ ሥነ-ምህዳር መዛባት የመሬት ቅርፊት ሥነ-ሕንፃ ሰርተው ለሚኖሩ ንብ ዝርያዎች ለመጥፋት መንስኤ መሆኑ ተርጋግጧል፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የማይናቅ የንብ ብዝሃነትን ለማቆየት እና ማርቸውን ለሰው ልጅ ጥቅም ለማዋል ተገቢውን እንክብካቤ እና የማላመድ ባህል ልማት ቴክኖሎጂ እጅግ አስፈላጊ ነው ተብሏል::
To cite: Wondmeneh Jemberie, Worku Negash, Kassahun Alemu, Alemu Tarekegn, Malede Brhan & Nagappan Raja. 2020. Stingless bee Meliponula Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) ground nest architecture and traditional knowledge on the use of honey in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. Israel Journal of Entomology 50 (1): 147–162.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4588315
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0F4D41F3-79E4-4E14-AAA2-33A1F05994FB
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